Soap and Detergent Manufacture
Chemistry ⇒ Industrial Chemistry
Soap and Detergent Manufacture starts at 11 and continues till grade 12.
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Describe the difference between anionic and cationic detergents in terms of their structure and use.
Describe the environmental impact of phosphates in detergents.
Describe the role of builders in detergent formulations.
Describe the role of surfactants in detergents.
Explain the term 'anionic detergent' and give an example.
Explain the term 'biodegradable detergent'.
Explain the term 'micelle' and its importance in cleaning action.
Explain why potassium soaps are used in shaving creams.
What is the main raw material used in the manufacture of soap? (1) Animal fat (2) Vegetable oil (3) Both animal fat and vegetable oil (4) Petroleum
Which alkali is commonly used in the manufacture of hard soap? (1) Sodium hydroxide (2) Potassium hydroxide (3) Calcium hydroxide (4) Ammonium hydroxide
Which of the following is a cationic detergent? (1) Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (2) Sodium stearate (3) Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (4) Potassium palmitate
Which of the following is a common builder used in detergents? (1) Sodium carbonate (2) Sodium chloride (3) Sodium nitrate (4) Sodium sulfate
Fill in the blank: The chemical formula for sodium stearate, a common soap, is __________.
Fill in the blank: The cleaning action of soap is due to the formation of __________.
Fill in the blank: The hydrophobic part of a soap molecule is the __________ chain.
Fill in the blank: The main environmental concern with some synthetic detergents is their __________.
True or False: Detergents are always biodegradable.
True or False: Glycerol is a valuable by-product in the soap industry.
True or False: Potassium soaps are softer and more soluble than sodium soaps.
True or False: Saponification is an exothermic reaction.
