Diffusion in Solids Liquids and Gases
Chemistry ⇒ States of Matter
Diffusion in Solids Liquids and Gases starts at 8 and continues till grade 12.
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A gas takes 20 seconds to diffuse through a porous plug. Another gas takes 80 seconds under identical conditions. What is the ratio of their molar masses?
A student places a copper rod in contact with a zinc rod at high temperature. After several days, atoms of both metals are found to have mixed at the interface. What process is responsible for this?
Calculate the ratio of the rates of diffusion of hydrogen (molar mass = 2 g/mol) and oxygen (molar mass = 32 g/mol).
Describe how the rate of diffusion changes with increasing molecular mass of the diffusing substance.
Describe the difference between diffusion and osmosis.
Explain why diffusion is a passive process.
Explain why diffusion is important in biological systems.
Explain why diffusion is slower in solids than in liquids or gases.
If the temperature of a gas is increased, what happens to the rate of diffusion?
In a laboratory, a student observes that a drop of ink spreads faster in hot water than in cold water. Explain why this happens.
State one everyday example of diffusion in gases.
A scientist places a drop of bromine liquid at the bottom of a sealed glass jar filled with air at room temperature. After several hours, the entire jar appears reddish-brown. Explain the process responsible for this observation and discuss the factors that could affect the rate at which the color spreads.
A sealed container is divided into two compartments by a thin membrane. One side contains nitrogen gas (N2), and the other contains neon gas (Ne). After some time, both gases are detected on both sides of the membrane. Explain, at the molecular level, why this occurs and compare the rates at which N2 and Ne diffuse through the membrane.
A student observes that the rate of diffusion of a colored solute in water increases when the water is stirred. Explain the effect of stirring on the diffusion process.
Calculate the relative rate of diffusion of methane (CH4, molar mass = 16 g/mol) and sulfur dioxide (SO2, molar mass = 64 g/mol) at the same temperature and pressure.
Explain why the diffusion of a solute in a viscous liquid is slower than in a less viscous liquid, even at the same temperature.
